10.24411/1728-323X-2018-14109

Section

Physical geography and biogeography, soil geography and landscape geochemistry

Title

ON THE CONTAMINATION OF SOIL AND GROUNDWATER IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE BASHKIR CIS-URAL REGION

Сontributors

B.        I. Kochurov, Ph. D. (Geography), Dr. Habil., Professor, Leading Researcher, Geography Institute at the Academy of Science, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,

G. T.-G. Turikeshev, Ph. D. (Geography), Associate Professor, Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullah, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,

E. B. Kratynskaya, Post-graduate student, Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,

V. A. Lobkovsky, Ph. D. (Geography), Researcher, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The Republic of Bashkortostan is one of the leading oil refining regions of Russia. The first oil refineries and petrochemical plants in Bashkiria were built in the 1950s in the cities of Sterlitamak, Salavat, Ishimbay, located along the Belaya River. At the same time, there was a problem of waste of oil production. For many years, the pollution of soil and groundwater in industrial areas is recorded, the main pollutants are petrochemical enterprises. Oil products are accumulated on the surface of groundwater and come to the surface, fall into rivers, streams and lakes.

In 1973—1974, respectively in the vicinity of the cities of Sterlitamak and Salavat two deep-atomic explosion were produced with the purpose of creating containers for the disposal of waste of oil processing. These capacities are still in use. However, vertical tectonic movements that occur for a long time can destroy the vitreous walls of the storage facility created by the atomic explosion. There are cracks there. With a weak control of the administration of the enterprises the site and groundwater, are contaminated with petroleum products.

The state of the environment in the territory of the Republic is deteriorating, forest areas are decreasing, surface and underground waters are polluted, the volume of waste exceeds the volume of their processing: the air is polluted. Urgent measures by the government of the Republic, environmental state organizations and the management of oil refining companies are required to prevent environmental catastrophe.

Keywords

ground water, refinery waste, underground nuclear explosions, the storage of petroleum products.

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