10.24411/1728-323X-2018-16129

Physical geography and biogeography, soil geography and landscape geochemistry

SALINE SOILS OF THE SOUTHERN BORDER OF NORTH ASIA: DIVERSITY AND PECULIARITIES OF NATURE MANAGEMENT

1. T. A. Ayushina, Ph. D. (Biology), Researcher, Institute of General and Experimental Biology SB RAS, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,
2. Ulan-Ude, Russia,
3. V. I. Ubugunova, Ph. D. (Biology), Dr. Habil., Professor, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, SB RAS, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ulan-Ude, Russia,
4. Ts. N. Nasatueva, Engineer, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, SB RAS, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ulan-Ude, Russia

The formation and distribution of saline soils in the Ivolginsky Depression is due to the climate aridity with intense evaporation, landscape position, peculiarities of geomorphology and lithology, granulometric composition, mineralized groundwater lying close to the surface. It is established that salinity covers about 43 % of the soil cover, including 16 % having a strong salinity degree. The diversity of saline soils which belong to the postlithogenic trunk of halomorphic, alkaline-differentiated and organo-accumulative departments and the sinlithogenic trunk of alluvial department is revealed. The analysis of physical and chemical properties of saline soilsshowed that they are characterized by heterogeneous granulometric composition (varies from light to heavy), weakly alkaline reaction of the medium, high content of exchangeable magnesium in the composition of soil absorbing layer, which is a regional feature. The specificity of conditions of soil formation and diversity of saline soils of the Ivolginsky Depression require systematic monitoring of their condition. The disruption of the ecological balance will inevitably lead to an increase in the saline lands area, increased erosion processes, secondary glee, recompaction. At present, it is the most rational to use saline soils as pastures and hayfields, improving the productivity and quality of the herbage by sowing salt-resistant and well-eaten herbs.

saline soils, diversity, monitoring, nature management, North Asia.

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