10.24411/1728-323X-2018-16024

Ecology

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES OF TYPHA LATIFOLIA L. PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS UNDER TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION

1. M. G. Maleva, Ph. D. (Biology), Associate Professor, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ekaterinburg, Russia,
2. N. V. Chukina, Ph. D. (Biology), Associate Professor, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ekaterinburg, Russia,
3. G. G. Borisova, Ph. D. (Geography), Dr. Habil, Professor, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia
4. B.N. Yeltsin, G. G. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ekaterinburg, Russia,
5. O.S. Sinenko, Assistant, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ekaterinburg, Russia,
6. G. I. Shiryaev, undergraduate student, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ekaterinburg, Russia

The data on the structural-functional changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of Typha latifolid L. (Typhaceae family) under the influence of the Karabash copper smelter (KCS, the town of Karabash, the Chelyabinsk Region) are presented. The coastal zone of the lake of Irtyash (the Chelyabinsk Region, 55 km from KCS) was used as a non-contaminated site. In the contaminated site, the thickness of the T. latifolid leaf was increased, mainly due to the aerenchyma proportion increase. The decrease in the number of mesophyll cells was accompanied by an increase in their volume, while the changes in the parameters of chloroplasts were unreliable. The decrease in the rate of CO2 uptake correlated with a decrease in the photosynthetic pigments content. At the same time, no significant changes were observed in the phototrophic tissues structure and consequently in the conductivity of the leaf for CO2. The results of this study indicate a high resistance of T Idtifolia to a prolonged technogenic impact, probably due to compensatory structural changes in the photosynthetic apparatus. The significant increase in the epidermis thickness and the aerenchyma proportion also contribute to the survival of plants under multicomponent contamination.

helophyte, heavy metals, leaf structure, photosynthetic pigments, CO2 uptake.

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