10.24411/1728-323X-2018-16021

Ecology

THE ROLE OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS IN THE PRESERVATION OF THE REMAINS OF THE MAMMOTH FAUNA IN PERENNIAL FROZEN SOILS

1. N. P. Tarabukina, Ph. D. (veterinary), Dr. Habil, professor, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Yakut Research Institute Agriculture "them. M. G. Safronov;
2. M. P. Neustroev, Ph. D. (veterinary), Dr. Habil, professor, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Yakut Research Institute Agriculture "them. M. G. Safronov, Federal State Educational institution "Yakut State Agricultural Academy";
3. M. P. Scryabina, Ph. D. (veterinary),
4. A.M. Stepanova, Ph. D. (veterinary),
5. S.I. Parnikova, Ph. D. (veterinary),
6. A.A. Bylgayeva, Ph. D. (veterinary), Federal State Budgetary Institution "Yakut Research Institute Agriculture "them. M. G. Safronov; M. M. Neustroev, Ph. D. (biology), Federal State Budgetary Institution "Yakut Research Institute Agriculture "them. M. G. Safronov. Yakutsk, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Microbiological examination of soft tissues of the Mahsunuokh, Yukagir, Malolyahovsky mammoths, the Oymyakon and Khromsky mammoths, the Kolyma woolly rhinoceros, the Yukka adolescent mammoth, the Yukagir horse and bison, also the Omoloyi elk calf, 64 microorganisms strains were isolated, of which 42 strains were represented by bacteria of the genus Bacillus. By biochemical and physiological properties, 9 species of bacterial strains of the genus Bacillus were identified: B. megatherium, B. subtilis, B. alvei, B. brevis, B. popillae,

B.steurothermophilus, and B. circulans, B. laterosporus. All strains are not pathogenic for laboratory animals. All strains of bacteria of the genus Ba¬cillus, isolated from the representatives of the mammoth fauna, have a pronounced antagonistic activity in relation to the pathogenic microorganisms and opportunistic pathogens: Salmonella, Escherihea, Shigella, Yersinia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Proteus, Micobacterium, Leptopiros and toxigenic fungi- Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fuzarium, as well as well as Botrytis Cinera and Candida. It was also found that the strains possess different degrees of antibiotic resistance. The bacteria of the genus Bacillus, isolated from the representatives of the mammoth fauna, secrete strong bacteriocins, stopping the growth and development of microorganisms, including putrefactive ones. The results of many years of research have allowed us to conclude that it is bacteria of the genus Bacillus, which have a pronounced antagonistic and enzymatic activity, that play a huge role in preserving the remains of representatives of the mammoth fauna in the permafrost soils.

Bacillus subtilis, mammoth fauna, fossil animals, the permafrost soils, paleomicrobiota.

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