DYNAMICS OF THE NORTH TAIGA LANDSCAPES IN THE IMPACT ZONE OF THE KANDALAKSHA ALUMINUM PLANT

DOI

10.24411/1728-323X-2019-12048

Section

Physical geography and biogeography, soil geography and landscape geochemistry

Title

DYNAMICS OF THE NORTH TAIGA LANDSCAPES IN THE IMPACT ZONE OF THE KANDALAKSHA ALUMINUM PLANT

Сontributors

N. B. Nesterova, Junior Researcher, Tyumen State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Tyumen, Russia

Abstract

The destructive effect of the Kandalaksha Aluminum Plant (KAZ) on the landscapes of the impact zone has been studied for decades. Multiple emission reduction in 2005 led to the recovery successions of the surrounding landscapes. Several years later, repeated studies on the state of soils were carried out and a comparative analysis of soil pollution was performed. However, there are no similar repeated research of the changes in vegetation cover and landscapes in general. This article presents the results of studying the dynamics of the landscapes in the impact zone of the KAZ for the period of 1987—2015.

During the field work we applied the method of ecological landscape description based on the pollution indicators close to the ones used by researchers at the end of the 20th century. The obtained results allowed us to identify and map three zones of landscape degradation. After comparing the current state of the landscapes with those described before, the recovery dynamics, mitigation of pollution indicators, as well as the reduction of degradation zones were revealed. The results of this research may be of interest to those working with land reclamation of the impact zone, and the applied methods of comparing multi-temporal indicators of the landscape state are versatile and can be used in other areas of interest.

Keywords

anthropogenic air pollution, the Kandalaksha Aluminum Smelter, impact zone, modernization, environmental restoration.

References
  1. Yurchenko S. V., Koryakin A. S. Kandalakshskiy alyuminievyy zavod: borba za stroitelstvo ochistnykh sooruzheniy i snizhenie vybrosov zagryaznyayushchikh veshchestv v atmosferu, 1989—2007 gg. Ekologicheskie problemy severnykh regionov i puti ikh resheniya. Materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Apatity, 14—16 oktyabrya 2008 g. [Kandalaksha Aluminum Smelter: the debate on the construction of pollutant filters and the decrease of air pollution emissions. Proceeding of all-Russian scientific conference with international participance. Apatity, 14—16 October 2008 Part 2]. Apatity, Izdatelstvo KNTs RAN, 2008. P. 121—123. (in Russian)
  2. Georgievskiy A. B. Izmeneniya v rastitelnom pokrove prigorodnoy zony Kandalakshi i Kandalakshskogo zapovednika pod vliyaniem atmosfernykh vybrosov predpriyatiy Flora i rastitelnost ostrovov Belogo i Barentseva morey: Sb. nauch. tr. [Changes in the vegetation cover of the suburban area of Kandalaksha and the Kandalaksha Reserve under the influence of atmospheric emissions of enterprises. Flora and vegetation of the islands of the white and Barents seas: Collected papers]. Murmansk. 1996. P. 162—172. (in Russian)
  3. Kryuchkov V. V., Makarova T. D. Aerotekhnogennoe vozdeystvie na ekosistemy Kolskogo severa KNTs AN SSSR [Aerial technogenic impact on the ecosystems of the Kola North. Kola scientific center of the USSR AS]. Apatity. 1989. (in Russian)
  4. Evdokimova G. A., Zenkova I. V. Vliyanie vybrosov alyuminievogo zavoda na biotu pochv Kolskogo poluostrova Pochvovede- nie [Influence of aluminum plant emissions on the soil biota of the Kola Peninsula. Pedology]. Moscow: 2003. P. 973—979. (in Russian)
  5. Syroid N. A. Vliyanie gazoobraznykh otkhodov promyshlennykh predpriyatiy na fitotsenozy okruzhayushchikh territoriy Problemy izucheniya i okhrany prirody Pribelomorya: Sb. nauch. tr. [The influence of the gaseous waste of industrial enterprises on the vegetation of the surrounding areas. Problems of study and conservation of White Sea area: Collected papers]. Murmansk, Kn. Izd-vo, 1987. P. 139—147. (in Russian)
  6. Evdokimova G. A., Mozgova N. P., Shtina E. A. Soil pollution by fluorine and evaluation of the soil microflora status in the area of influence of an aluminum plant. Eurasian soil science. Moscow, 1997.
  7. Doklad o sostoyanii i ob okhrane okruzhayushchey sredy Murmanskoy oblasti za 2004 g. Komitet promyshlennogo razvitiya, ekologii i prirodopolzovaniya Murmanskoy oblasti. [Report on the state and environmental protection of the Murmansk Region for 2004. Committee for industrial development, ecology and environmental management of the Murmansk Region.]. Murmansk. 2005. (in Russian)
  8. Evdokimova G. A., Mozgova N. P. Comparative estimation of soil and plant pollution in the impact area of air emissions from an aluminium plant after technogenic load reduction, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 2015. Part A, DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.994937
  9. Yevdokimova G. A., Korneykova M. V., Mozgova N. P. Izmeneniya svoystv pochv i pochvennoy bioty v zone vozdeystviya aerotekhnogennykh vybrosov Kandalakshskogo alyuminievogo zavoda Pochvovedenie [Changes in soil properties and soil biota in the impact zone aerial technogenic emissions of the Kandalaksha aluminium plant. Pedology]. Moscow. 2013. P. 1274—1274. (in Russian)
  10. Federalnyy atlas “Prirodnye resursy i ekologiya Rossii” [Federal Atlas “Natural resources and ecology of Russia” / Ry- balskiy N. G. i Snakin V. V.], Moscow, NIA “Prirodnye resursy”, 2002. (in Russian)
  11. Gerasimova M. I. Geografiya pochv Rossii [Geography of soils of Russia]. Moscow, Izdatelstvo MGU, 2006. P. 312. (in Russian)