10.24411/1728-323X-2019-12059

Geoecology

GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE KARACHAY-CHERKESS REPUBLIC

1. N. S. Dega, Ph. D. (Geography), Associate Professor, Aliev Karachaevo-Cherkessiya State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Karachayevsk, Russia;
2. F. H. Bostanova, Ph. D. student, Aliev Karachaevo-Cherkessiya State University named, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,
3. Karachayevsk, Russia;
4. A. R. Bairamkulova, Ph. D. student, Aliev Karachaevo-Cherkessiya State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,
5. Karachayevsk, Russia;
6. N. M. Korchagina, Senior Researcher, Aliev Karachaevo-Cherkessiya State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Karachayevsk, Russia

The paper gives a geo-ecological assessment of the condition of the air basin, the hydrochemical transformation of the surface water, the quantitative and qualitative structure of solid municipal waste, and their environmental impact of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.

Due to the results of the conducted research, the greatest pollution of the air is observed in the Ust-Dzhegutinsky District and the republican center of Cherkessk, the pollution level is higher there. All rivers of the Republic experience serious anthropogenic load, and the dynamics of hydrochemical elements indicates the lack of water quality control. The preservation of this trend of the rivers pollution can lead to the degradation of water ecosystems of the region. The management of solid municipal waste that is not effective enough remains a serious environmental problem. The number of waste grows annually, the capacity of the landfills is almost exhausted. The waste is stored on the authorized and unauthorized dumps and becomes the polluters of the air, surface and underground water, soils.

The complex geo-ecological assessment of the environmental components formed the basis for the development of the actions for protection and rational use of the unique mountain landscapes of the Republic. The values of changes of ecological indexes of natural and anthropogenic ecosystems on the basis of the experimental, share data, and representative geo-ecological research, can be used for the formation of the optimum structure of the landscapes in the conditions of the region and the adoption of the optimal management decisions in mountain environmental management.

mountain landscapes, air, surface water, solid municipal waste, ecological assessment, environmental protection, rational environmental management.

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