Section |
Cartography |
Title |
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MAPPING |
Сontributors |
S.A. Sladkopevtsev, Ph. D. (Engineering), Dr. Habil., Professor, Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography |
Abstract |
The article considers the relations of the concepts of theory methodology, methods and practice in cartography. Theoretical foundations (projections, language, generalization) retain their relevance, but are supplemented due to the results of the latest research. Modern technologies and appearance of new maps make the systems of conventional signs more complicated. Generalizations of maps contents are becoming more numerous. The examples of not quite justified claims on the theoretical value of the number of works are given. A wide range of concepts “conception” and its relation to theory are indicated. There is not always a clear distinction be-tween the theoretical and methodological foundations of re-search. The results obtained from the use of new methods and technologies, show that the retrieved data often take on the methodological and even theoretical value. The practical importance of the reviewed work varies but the benefit to the development of cartography is of no doubt. The study shows that the increasing requirements to the applied aspects are an important stimulus for the full development of cartography. |
Keywords |
theory, methodology, methods, technologies, practice. |
References |
1. BorodinE. V. StrukturaidinamikapromezhutochnyhvodnyhmassantarkticheskogoproishozhdenijavjuzhnojchastiTihogookeana. [Structure and dynamics of intermediate water masses of Antarctic origin in the South Pacific Ocean]. Thesis synopsis, 2015. (in Russian) 2. Vereshchaka T. V. Topograficheskiekarty. Nauchnyeosnovysoderzhanija. [Topographic maps. Scientific basis for the content]. Moscow: MAIK, Nauka/Interperiodika, 2002. 319p. (in Russian) 3. Gorshkov S. P. Konceptual’nyeosnovygeojekologii. [Conceptual fundamentals of Geoecology]. Smolensk: Izd-vo SGU, 1998. 448p. (in Russian) 4. Zolotaryov E. A. Teoreticheskieosnovykartografo-ajerokosmicheskihtehnologijdistancionnogomonitoringaopasnyhgljacial’nyhprocessovvysokogornyhsistem. [Theoretical bases of cartographic and aerospace technologies of remote monitoring of dangerous processes, the Alpine glacial systems]. Thesis synopsis, 2014. [] (in Russian) 5. Ivanov A. G. Razrabotkametodovitehnologijavtomatizaciiprocessovkompleksnogoproektirovanijaiispol’zovanijamelkomasshtabnyh kart. [Development of methods and technologies for automation of the processes of integrated design and use of small-scale maps.]. Thesis synopsis, 2003. (in Russian) 6. Komedchikov N. N. Matematiko-kartograficheskoemodelirovaniedljaoptimizaciiispol’zovanijazemel’. [Mathematical-cartographic modeling for the optimization of land use]. Thesis synopsis, 1990. (in Russian) 7. Kravtsova V. I. Generalizacijaajerokosmicheskogoizobrazhenija: kontinual’nyeidiskretnyesnimki. [Generalization of aerospace images: continuous and discrete images]. Moscow: Izd-vo MGU, 2000. 190 p. (in Russian) 8. Lastochkin A. N. Obshhajateorijageosistem. [General theory of geosystems]. SPb.:Izd-vo “Lema”, 2011. 980 p. (in Russian) 9. Lur’e I. K. Teorijaipraktikasozdanijaobuchajushhih GIS dljageograficheskihissledovanij. [Theory and practice of creation of educational GIS for geographical studies]. Thesis synopsis, 1998. (in Russian) 10. Ljutyj A. A. Jazykkarty: sushhnost’, sistema, funkcii. [Map language: essence, system, functions]. Moscow: GEOS, 2002. 230 p. (in Russian) 11. Serapinas B. B. Nadjozhnost’ ispol’zovanija kart v geograficheskihissledovanijah. [Reliability of the use of maps in geographical studies]. Thesis synopsis. 1995. (in Russian) 12. Stupin V. P. Kartograficheskoemodelirovanieianalizmorfosistem (naprimereBajkal’skojgornojstranyiPriba- jkal’ja). [Cartographic modeling and analysis of morphosystem (a case study of the Baikal mountainous country and its region)]. Thesis synopsis, 2014. (in Russian) 13. Florinskiy I. V. Teorijaiprilozhenijamatematiko-kartograficheskogomodelirovanijarel’efa. [Theory and applications of mathematical and cartographic modeling of the terrain.]. Thesis synopsis, 2010. (in Russian) 14. Chebryakov Ja. Ju. RazvitiekartograficheskogometodadljaissledovanijzheleznodorozhnojsetiRossii. [Development of cartographic methods for studies of the Russian railway network.]. (in Russian) |