10.24411/1728-323X-2019-11039

Physical geography and biogeography, soil geography and landscape geochemistry

CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF THE TAMAN PENINSULA IN ANCIENT TIMES

1. G. V. Trebeleva, Ph. D. (History), Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IA RAS), This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,
2. Moscow, Russia,
3. Yu. V. Gorlov, Ph. D. (History), K. G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technology and Management, Moscow, Russia.

A cultural landscape is defined as a changed natural environment or traces of interaction between man and nature. At the early stage of development of the Taman Peninsula, the human impact on the environment was minimal due to the primitive crafts, cattle breeding, agriculture, crafts and construction. Since the Bronze Age with the advent of new technologies and tools, the impact on the natural landscape has increased, but still remained minimal. Only with the emergence of the ancient Greek colonies on the banks of the Cimmerian Bosporus, the human influence on the climatic conditions of the Taman Peninsula has increased significantly. The intensive use of natural resources of the region led to their significant transformation: the cities and settlements were built, necropolises were settled, road network was created, together with various engineering structures, etc. Using their achievements in science, technology, military affairs, demographic resources, etc., the ancient Greek settlers have mastered almost the whole territory of the peninsula. The main cultural cereals and fruit trees peculiar to the ancient civilization were acclimatized, but for rare exceptions. A significant part of the territory was divided into fields of grain, orchards, vineyards, gardens. In agriculture the cereals and agricultural experience of indigenous population, in animal husbandry the breeds of cattle and the technologies of their cultivation in the conditions of Northern Black Sea Coast were used.

Cultural landscape, economic activity, the Taman Peninsula, the Bronze Age, antiquity, settlement system, land surveying system.

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