10.24411/1728-323X-2019-12012

Ecology

ECOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL-BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF LANDSCAPE AND RELIEF

1. I. N. Lykov, Ph. D. (Biology), Dr. Habil., Professor, Tsiolkovskiy Kaluga State University, Scientific advisor, Institute of Natural Science, Head of the Department of Botany, Microbiology and Ecology, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
2. N. B. Loboda, Ph. D. (Biology), Head of the Department of Biomedical Sciences Tsiolkovskiy Kaluga State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Kaluga, Russia

The article deals with the influence of the landscape and relief on the quality of human habitat. The characteristic of the landscape and relief is given. Recently, the study of the landscape and topography of the anthropo-ecosystem has received increased attention because of its impact on biological diversity, ecosystem services and environmental sustainability. It is known that the landscape affects people in different ways, including the aestheticaspect and health. The aim of this work is to review various aspects of landscape and relief influence in the anthropo-ecosystem (natural, ecological, cultural, visual, artistic). The article describes the basic principles of the concept of landscape design, the role of landscape in the treatment, rehabilitation and maintenance of human health. The issues of therapeutic landscape, the influence of visual discomfort on depression and stress are discussed. In general, natural landscapes have a stronger positive effect on health as compared to urban landscapes. Staying in natural landscapes helps relieve mental fatigue and stress. But altered landscapes can have less positive and, in some cases, negative health effects. The influence of the changed landscape and relief on the residents of the town in the case study of Kaluga is shown.

landscape, relief, anthropo-ecosystem, landscape design, visual discomfort, stress, therapeutic effect.

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